Sicily is a fascinating island rich in history, culture, and natural beauty. This recommended route begins in the bustling capital, Palermo, where the fusion of Arab, Norman, and Baroque influences creates a unique mosaic of architectural wonders, vibrant markets, and delightful street food. Moving westward, you’ll visit the well-preserved Doric Temple at Segesta and the medieval village of Erice, perched atop a hill with panoramic views and medieval charm. Castellammare del Golfo, a picturesque fishing village with crystal blue waters and rugged cliffs, awaits exploration.
Popular itinerary for Exploring Landscapes and History in Sicily:
The magnificent Monreale Cathedral, boasting a stunning cloister, narrates Sicily’s rich Norman history. Inland, the ancient hilltop city of Enna unveils breathtaking views of the surrounding mountains. Shopping enthusiasts can indulge in a visit to the Sicilia Outlet Village nearby. The remarkable Roman heritage comes to life at Villa Romana del Casale, where intricate mosaics showcase ancient luxury. The charming town of Caltagirone shares its ceramic traditions, followed by a return along the coast to Siracusa, adorned with ancient Greek relics, and the picturesque Ortigia Island.
The adventure continues in the vibrant city of Catania, known for its Baroque architecture and the lively Piazza del Duomo. Climbing higher, you’ll reach Taormina, where stunning views of the Ionian Sea and Mount Etna unfold. A cable car and off-road vehicles transport you to Parco dell’Etna, an otherworldly landscape of volcanic features, craters, and lava formations. Venturing north of Etna, you’ll discover the botanical and geological wonders of Gole Alcantara, with crystalline waters flowing through dramatic basalt canyons.
Along the northern coast, a day trip to the Aeolian Islands, including Vulcano and Lipari, reveals volcanic landscapes, thermal springs, and charming villages. On your way back to Palermo, stop in the coastal town of Cefalù, known for its medieval streets, sandy beaches, and impressive Norman Cathedral.
This proposed tour is 9 days, beginning and ending in Palermo.
Day 1: Palermo
The tour of this diverse city begins at the Palermo Cathedral, an embodiment of Arab-Norman splendor with its stunning architecture adorned with intricate details and historical significance. You’ll continue to the Royal Palace, Palazzo dei Normanni, where the Palatine Chapel unveils breathtaking Byzantine mosaics, offering a glimpse into Sicily’s royal heritage. The Baroque splendor of Quattro Canti at Piazza Vigliena follows, with its four facades symbolizing seasons, Spanish monarchs, and saints.
Teatro Massimo, Italy’s largest opera house, is an architectural gem and a cultural hub. The Regional Archaeological Museum Antonio Salinas invites exploration of Sicilian artifacts, sculptures, and archaeological treasures, offering profound insights into the island’s ancient history.
Wandering through the historic center, charming streets reveal impressive buildings and bustling local markets. Experience the lively atmosphere of Ballarò Market, offering fresh local produce, spices, and local street food. Another market worth exploring is the vibrant Vucciria Market, providing a variety of local products.
In the Capuchin Catacombs, mummies and embalmed bodies add a fascinating but macabre dimension to your journey. Finally, appreciate the neo-classical beauty of Teatro Politeama, a 19th-century theater that enhances the historical charm of Palermo.
To get a taste of the local culinary delights, indulge in arancini, fried rice balls typically filled with Ragù or cheese, and caponata, a savory dish of marinated eggplant.
Spend the night in Palermo.
Day 2: From Palermo through Tempio di Segesta and Erice to Castellammare del Golfo
Take Highways 90E and 68 for approximately 44 miles until you reach Tempio di Segesta. This Greek temple, dating back to the 5th century BCE, stands on a hill overlooking the surrounding rural area and is characterized by well-preserved Doric columns and classical design. The temple lacks internal decorations and typical embellishments, though it offers a glimpse into ancient engineering and artistic techniques.
From Segesta, continue on Highways 68 and 933 for about 28 miles to the town of Erice, situated atop a mountain overlooking the western coast of Sicily. Rich in mythological and historical significance, Erice was once the home of the Elymians, an ancient people who dedicated the town to Aphrodite, the goddess of love and fertility. The city features well-preserved medieval architecture and breathtaking panoramic views of the surrounding landscape. The Venere Castle bears witness to the city’s history, along with medieval churches such as Duomo dell’Assunta. The city’s ancient walls and defensive towers provide insights into its strategic importance throughout history. The town is also known for its shops and pastry shops offering delicious almond-based sweets. Don’t miss the opportunity to savor Genovesi Ericine, a pastry filled with sweet ricotta.
From Erice, head back east on Highway 187 for approximately 31 miles to reach Castellammare del Golfo, a picturesque coastal town with a rich history and unique ambiance. In its historic center, narrow streets wind between whitewashed buildings adorned with colorful shutters. Stroll through the town’s charming alleys, bustling squares, and local markets and be sure to visit its ancient fortress, Castello di Castellammare, situated on a hill with a panoramic view of the Tyrrhenian Sea. Originally built by the Arabs in the 10th century, the castle has witnessed centuries of history.
The town is also known for its seafood cuisine, and waterfront restaurants serve the day’s fresh catch in an enjoyable and open-air atmosphere. Local dishes, such as couscous with fish, showcase the Arab culinary influence in the area.
Spend the night in Castellammare del Golfo.
Day 3: From Castellammare del Golfo through Monreale to Enna
Depart from Castellammare del Golfo on Highways 90E and 186 and drive about 44 miles to Cattedrale di Monreale. Built in the 12th century under the patronage of King William II, it is a breathtaking example of Norman-Arab architecture, combining Byzantine, Islamic, and Norman influences. The cathedral’s interior is adorned with one of the widest displays of golden mosaics in the world. The mosaic cycles tell biblical stories, bringing scriptural characters to life against a golden background.
The distinctive design of the cathedral extends beyond the mosaic-covered walls. In the choir area, elegant bronze doors and marble work create a unique and impressive ensemble. The adjacent Chiostro dei Benedettini, or Cloister of the Benedictines, is captivating with its 12th-century architecture and its uniquely decorated column sequence.
From Monreale, take Highways 90E and 19A for approximately 87 miles to reach the city of Enna. Enna is located in the heart of Sicily at an altitude of about 2953 feet. Castello di Lombardia offers a glimpse into the Norman history of the island. Initially constructed in the 13th century, it is a testament to Enna’s strategic importance throughout Sicily’s history. The historic center of the town is a maze of narrow streets, charming squares, and historical landmarks. The cathedral, dedicated to the Virgin Mary, showcases a blend of architectural styles, including Gothic and Baroque elements. Piazza Mazzini, the cathedral square, is a lively center where locals and visitors gather to enjoy the local atmosphere.
Spend the night in Enna.
Day 4: From Enna through Villa Romana del Casale to Caltagirone
For those interested in shopping, the Sicilia Outlet Village is located about 15 miles from Enna along Highway 19.
From Enna, follow Highways 117 and 15 for approximately 25 miles to reach Villa Romana del Casale, an ancient Roman villa exceptionally preserved, boasting an amazing collection of mosaic floors that span over 37,675 square feet. The mosaics showcase a diverse array of themes, depicting everything from mythological narratives and hunting scenes to daily life in ancient Rome. One of the notable highlights is the renowned “Bikini Girls” mosaic, illustrating young women participating in various athletic pursuits, offering a rare glimpse into the athleticism and fashion of Roman women. Recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage site, visiting this villa is a truly awe-inspiring experience.
From Villa Romana del Casale, continue on Highways 117 and 124 for approximately 25 miles to reach the city of Caltagirone, celebrated for its rich ceramic tradition, Baroque architecture, and lively ambiance. The standout feature of Caltagirone is, without a doubt, its distinctive ceramics, meticulously crafted by skilled artisans. Visit the Scalinata di Santa Maria del Monte, a monumental staircase consisting of 142 steps adorned with vibrant ceramic tiles, each narrating a unique story and showcasing the town’s artistic legacy. Ascending the stairs offers not only visual delight but also panoramic views of the city and the surrounding landscapes. The historical center of the town is home to a wealth of Baroque architecture, featuring enchanting streets dotted with traditional workshops and boutiques where you can purchase ceramic works of art, ranging from decorative items to functional pieces like plates and vases.
Don’t miss trying the unique pizza called “Pizzolo,” a half-moon-shaped pizza with a thick crust and various toppings.
Spend the night in Caltagirone.
Day 5: From Caltagirone to Siracusa
Today’s journey takes you back towards the coast on Highways 385 and 45E, covering approximately 68 miles to reach the city of Siracusa on the eastern coast. This city is deeply rooted in ancient history, showcasing a heritage that spans Greek, Roman, and Baroque cultures and earning it UNESCO World Heritage recognition. At its core lies the expansive archaeological park, Parco Archeologico della Neapolis, housing remnants from the Greek and Roman eras. Dominating the scene is the Greek Theater, Teatro Greco, a marvel of architecture with remarkable acoustics. Nearby, the Ear of Dionysius, Orecchio di Dionisio, a limestone cave renowned for its exceptional acoustics, is named after a Roman stone merchant.
The historical island of Ortigia, linked to the mainland by bridges, provides a delightful area for strolling through streets, markets, and shops. Highlights include the Siracusa Cathedral, Duomo di Siracusa, a Baroque masterpiece erected on the grounds of an ancient Greek temple, and the Fountain of Arethusa, a natural spring enveloped in mythological tales. Along the island’s periphery, you’ll discover Castello Maniace, a waterfront fortress offering panoramic views of the sea and the city, playing a pivotal role in Siracusa’s defense over the centuries.
If you’d like to indulge in the local cuisine, be sure to try pasta con le sarde, pasta with sardines and fennel, or Ricci di Mare, fresh sea urchins.
After touring Siracusa, take Highway 45E for about 40 miles to the city of Catania to spend the night.
Day 6: From Catania to Parco dell’Etna
Parco dell’Etna, the Mount Etna Park, is one of Sicily’s most iconic landmarks. Mount Etna, overlooking the island’s eastern shoreline, claims the title of Europe’s highest and most active volcano, soaring to an impressive altitude of approximately 10,827 feet above sea level. The park enveloping the volcano showcases a diverse and dramatic landscape shaped by volcanic activity. Visitors have the opportunity to explore the unique ecological system of the volcano and its lava fields. One of the highlights is the Silvestri craters, accessible by cable car, with a lunar-like appearance. From here, there are panoramic views of the surrounding landscapes and the Mediterranean Sea. For adventure seekers, guided tours to the summit are available, providing a chance to witness volcanic activity and marvel at the smoking craters. The park’s diverse flora and fauna, including oak and ash forests, along with rare endemic species, add to its charm. Tours on the mountain are subject to safety conditions, and routes may vary according to authorities’ decisions.
As you return to Catania, take some time to explore the city. The heart of Catania lies in Piazza del Duomo, a UNESCO World Heritage site, and the Cathedral of Sant’Agata, an exemplary showcase of outstanding Sicilian Baroque architecture dedicated to the city’s patron saint. Nearby, the Elephant Fountain, Fontana dell’Elefante, stands proudly as one of the city’s iconic symbols. Catania’s historic district is defined by its vibrant street markets, with the lively fish market, La Pescheria, being a notable highlight. Indulge in the local specialty, pasta alla Norma, featuring eggplant, tomato sauce, and ricotta cheese. And, of course, don’t miss out on trying granita, a quintessential Sicilian frozen dessert made from water, sugar, and flavors such as fruits or coffee.
Spend the night in Catania.
Day 7: From Catania to Gole Alcantara Botanical and Geological Park and Taormina
In the morning, head to Gole Alcantara Botanical and Geological Park, the beautiful nature reserve located about 37 miles from Catania along Roads 45E and 181. The park’s mesmerizing river channel flows through impressive basalt walls created by the volcanic activity of Mount Etna. Some of these walls appear as hexagonal columns at various angles. The park is not only a geological marvel but also a place for botanical enthusiasts. The surrounding landscape is adorned with a wide variety of vegetation, including Mediterranean and exotic plant species, and well-maintained walking trails guide visitors through the lush flora. The park offers guided tours that delve into the geological history of the channel and educate about the unique vegetation thriving in this volcanic environment.
After exploring the Alcantara channel, head back north on Road 45E for about 19 miles to the town of Taormina. Perched on seaside cliffs, Taormina is a charming town with breathtaking views. The heart of Taormina is the Teatro Greco, a well-preserved ancient Greek theater with panoramic views of the coast and Mount Etna. Stroll along the main street, Corso Umberto, where you’ll find elegant boutiques, cafes, and historical buildings. The Palazzo Corvaja and the Duomo di Taormina are architectural gems reflecting the town’s rich past. The public gardens of Villa Comunale offer a tranquil setting with lush greenery and stunning views. Taormina’s coastline features beautiful beaches such as Isola Bella and the beach village of Giardini Naxos.
Indulge in the iconic Sicilian pastry, cannoli, filled with sweet ricotta, and try pesce spada alla ghiotta, swordfish cooked with tomatoes, capers, and olives.
Spend the night in Taormina.
Day 8: From Taormina to Aeolian Islands Vulcano and Lipari
Depart on Roads 114 and 113, covering a distance of about 56 miles to reach the town of Milazzo. From Milazzo, embark on a two-day boat tour to the islands of Lipari and Vulcano, part of the Aeolian Islands group. Vulcano, named after the Roman god of fire, is renowned for its active volcano. There are guided hiking routes up to the summit, offering panoramic views of the marvelous archipelago. The island also features therapeutic mud baths, providing visitors with the opportunity to indulge in natural spa treatments.
Lipari, the largest and most populated of the Aeolian Islands, boasts a charming old town, archaeological sites, and a lively atmosphere. Stroll through the narrow streets, explore local markets, and admire picturesque buildings. Be sure to visit the historical fortress, Castello di Lipari, which houses the archaeological museum displaying artifacts from the island’s diverse history. Both islands offer opportunities to explore the surrounding waters, with boat tours revealing hidden sea caves, secluded coves, and pristine beaches.
The Aeolian Islands are not only a haven for nature lovers but also a culinary delight. Savor a variety of local dishes, including fresh seafood, shellfish, and Malvasia wine, in charming waterfront restaurants.
At the end of the day, return to the port of Milazzo to spend the night.
Day 9: From Milazzo to Cefalù
Today’s route will take you along the scenic northern coast of Sicily on Highway 90E, covering approximately 87 miles to the charming town of Cefalù. Cefalù is a picturesque town that blends historical charm with stunning natural beauty. The focal point is the impressive Cathedral of Cefalù, a UNESCO World Heritage site. This Norman-Arab cathedral, dating back to the 12th century, features mosaics and a facade overlooking the town from its prominent position.
The narrow and winding streets of the historic center are lined with medieval architecture, local shops offering Sicilian delicacies, and the Medieval Washhouse (Lavatoio Medievale), showcasing the historical water system of the town. Cefalù’s beaches, framed by rocky cliffs and turquoise waters, are among the most beautiful in Sicily. The beach promenade and the ancient harbor provide an ideal setting for evening strolls.
For adventurous hikers prepared to tackle the trails of Parco della Rocca di Cefalù, there is a delightful and challenging ascent along a trail leading to the observation terrace atop the colossal rocky cliff towering over the city. This is a popular destination for travelers in search of panoramic views of the ancient town, the cathedral, and the remarkable coastline.
From Cefalù, continue on 90E for about 44 miles back to the city of Palermo to spend the night.
